Saturday, November 17, 2012

Hammer toe vs. Claw Toe vs. Mallet Toe





Picture is obtained from McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery.

Many people are confused about the difference of a hammer toe vs. a claw toe vs. a mallet toe.

Picture A is a Hammer toe.
- Flexion contracture at the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint. 
- Extension contracture at the Distal Interphalangeal Joint ( closest to the toe nail).

(Flexion - point to bottom of foot)
(Extension - point to the top of the foot)
   

Picture B is a Claw toe.
- Flexion contracture at the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint. 
- Flexion contracture at the Distal Interphalangeal Joint ( closest to the toe nail). 

Picture C is a Mallet toe.
- Flexion contracture at the Distal Interphalangeal Joint Only. 

OCPodiatry.com

 

Saturday, November 3, 2012

Developmental Milestones in an Infant - Toddler, 3 months to over 2 years.



The information provided will be of education purpose for the parent. This is a rough guide to see when your child should hit their milestones. Do not be alarmed if they do it a little early or a little late. Please talk to your Pediatrician if you have concerns. 

Developmental Milestones 3-6 months
•       Rolling
–      Rolling supine to sidelying - 3 months (range 2-4 months)
–      Prone to supine -  5 months
–      Supine to prone -  6 months
•       Prone
–      Prone on elbows - 4 months (range 3-5 months)
–      Prone on extended arms – 5 months (4-6 months)
•       Crawling (commando) and pivoting in prone – 5 months
•       Supine hands to knees and feet 5 months (4-6 months)
•       Sitting
–      Propped sitting 5 months (range 5-6 months)
–      Ring sitting with full trunk extension and arms in high guard – 6 months (5-7 months)

Developmental milestones 7-12 months
•       Independent sitting – 8 months (7-9 months)
•       Quadruped and pull to stand – 8 months (range 7-9 months)
•       Creeping – 10 months (9-11 months)
–      Creeping versus crawling
•       Pull to stand and lowering self  - 10-12 months – average is 10 months
•       Cruising – 10 months (9-11 months)
•       Pull to stand through half kneel  - 12 months (11-13 months)

Developmental Milestones 12-18 months
•       Walking independently – 12 months (10-15 months)
•       Squatting to retrieve object from floor -  10-15 months
•       Creeping up stairs – 15 months (range 14-18 months)
•       Walking up stairs – 18 months (16-20 months)
•       Attempts to kick a ball – 18 months
•       Climbing 12-24 months

Developmental Milestones 2 years and up
•       Jumping from bottom step – 2 years old
•       Jumps two feet off of floor – 28 months
•       Kicks a ball 2-3 years old
•       Running 2-3 years old
•       Hopping on one foot – 3 years old
•       Galloping – 4 years old
•       Skipping – 6 years old 

Written by Lynda Kolodenker, PT, DPT